Dot Distribution Map

http://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/standard/geography/population/distribution_density/revision/1/

This is an example of a Dot Distribution Map. Dots are used to describe a specific quantity, in this case one dot equals 100,000 people. This map shows the distribution of population density around the world. In this case the dots are non-proportional, meaning that the dot does not increase in size for areas with more people, simply more dots are placed in areas if there are more people there.

Hypsometric Map

http://my.ilstu.edu/~jrcarter/LDEO/Geo201maps.htm

This is an example of a hypsometric map, which is a surface map (2-D map) with relief shown (3-D features). The feature being represented in this map is that of elevation. It shows both elevation above and below sea level of the entire world via color shading. The darker red the shading the higher the elevation above sea level, while the darker blue the shading is than the deeper the ocean stretches. 

PLSS Map

http://iagenweb.org/harrison/twp/rangemap.htm


This is an example of a PLSS map, or Public Land Survey System. This is a systematic type of cadastral map. You can easily see where the land is partitioned in multiple levels. First by the red lines, where the east west lines are called baselines and the lines running north and south are called the principal meridian. The area these lines enclose are further divided into 36 one square mile "townships". This specific map is the PLSS of Harris County, Iowa.

Cadastral Map

http://www.irlandeses.org/sanpedrophoto.htm

This is an example of a cadastral map showing the partitioning of land ownership. This specific map shows the land ownership of the city of San Pedro in Argentina near Buenos Aires. The land area is clearly partitioned and a line of latitude is shown to give spatial relationships.

Thematic Map

http://www.excelcharts.com/blog/how-to-create-thematic-map-excel/

This is an example of a thematic map, being that it shows information on a topic superimposed over a base map. In this case the topic being population density of the United States. This map can also qualify as a Choropleth map, showing areal divisions of census tracts. The data shown is quantitative ratio data. 

Topographic Map

http://www.adirondacknorthway.com/mappages/mount_marcytopo.php

This map is an example of a topographic. Topographic maps are an example of hypsometric maps. It is a topographic map of a mountain range. It can be deemed a topographic map because it is map that captures the three dimensional aspect of the terrain on a two dimensional surface. The use of contour lines allows for the interpretation of the terrestrial elevation. When these lines are close together, the change in elevation is large over a very short distance, while lines that are more spread out the amount of change in elevation is smaller. 

Planimetric Map

http://www.landsat.com/tallahassee-florida-street-map-1270600.html

This is an example of a planimetric map of Tallahassee. It is a surface map with no relief features. Two dimensional information is shown.